-2011, we empirically establish that exogenous shocks to export demand and import competition both generate large aggregate … productivity gains. Guided by theory, we provide evidence consistent with these effects operating through reallocations across … productivity; (iii) Efficient institutions, factor and product markets amplify the gains from import competition but dampen those …

The paper assesses the degree of banking competition and efficiency in Italy?over time as well as compared to that in … other countries, such as France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The paper finds competition in … highcost, high-income system, particularly with respect to retail/services, and efficiency gains have yet to fully materialize …

far-reaching banking sector reforms undertaken in Uganda to improve competition and efficiency. Using models that have … been previously used only in industrial countries, we find that the level of competition has increased significantly and … has been associated with a rise in efficiency. Moreover, on average, larger banks and foreign-owned banks have become more …

This paper deals with efficiency in the public sector. It argues that the habit of relating efficiency to public … could be used for several purposes including increasing public sector efficiency …