the North-American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This paper uses a global, multisector, computable … the automotive, textiles and apparel sectors, more liberalized agricultural trade, and other trade facilitation measures …. The results show that together these provisions would adversely affect trade in the automotive, textiles and apparel …

This paper considers the impact on trade of preferential arrangements in Europe since the 1950s. Using a first … difference version of the gravity model, we find that the EEC and EFTA altered the pattern of international trade. We also find … evidence of trade diversion in several cases, notably that of the EEC in the 1960s …

Should a closed economy open its trade to all countries or limit itself to participation in regional trade agreements …

Continental trade blocs are emerging in many parts of the world almost in tandem. If trade blocs are required to … reduction of trade barriers against non-member countries. That may not be politically feasible. On the other hand, in a world of … satisfy the McMillan criterion of not lowering trade volume with outside countries, they have to engage in a dramatic …

The paper evaluates the South Asia Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) within the global structure of overlapping regional … trade agreements (RTAs) using a modified gravity equation. First, it examines the effects of the Trade Liberalization … Program which started in 2006. SAFTA would have a minor effect on regional trade flows and the impact on custom duties would …

In the wake of the COVID-19 crisis, governments around the world announced unprecedented fiscal packages to address the … international organizations attempted to assess the "greenness" of the fiscal policy response of the world's largest economies. This …

We develop a new Measure of Aggregate Trade Restrictions (MATR) using data from the IMF's Annual Report on Exchange …-relevant measures of trade policy, and covers an unbalanced sample of up to 157 countries annually between 1949 and 2019. MATR is … strongly correlated with, but more comprehensive than, existing measures of openness and trade policy existing measures. We use …