This paper formally identifies an important role of banks: Banks competitively internalize production externalities and … facilitate economic growth. I formulate a canonical growth model with externalities as a game among consumers, firms, and banks …. Banks compete for deposits to seek monopoly profits, including externalities. Using loan contracts that specify price and …

The paper emphasizes the role of institutions and incentives in the presence of externalities. An economy with multiple …

Vertical tax externalities between levels of government can occur in federal structures, with responses to the tax … governments co-occupy the same tax base. This paper examines these externalities by considering their implications for a range of …