We find that data transparency policy reforms, reflected in subscriptions to the IMF's Data Standards Initiatives (SDDS …

among European subnational governments. We use political variables describing the fiscal attitudes of the central government … is, large differences in revenue and spending assignments across the different levels of government. These findings imply …

Trends in the size of U.S. government are examined. In the postwar period, general government primary spending rose by … view of the size of government. Looking forward, the retirement of baby boomers appears likely to expand government and …

This paper examines interactions between self-interested agents in a two-tier government hierarchy, consisting of a …

Central government wage expenditures accounted for 7 percent of GDP in 99 countries during 1980-90 (unweighted average … countries, and small low-income economies tend to have lower central government wage expenditures as a percent of GDP. Access to … foreign financing is not; the public and publicly guaranteed foreign financing is often provided for government capital …