"multiplier effect": when a shock drives up the price of food, exporters respond by imposing restrictions while importers wind … prediction of the theory with a new dataset that comprises monthly information on trade measures across 77 countries and 33 food … products for the period 2008-11, finding evidence of a multiplier effect in food trade policy. These findings contribute to …

-called r-g. Whether the fiscal shock occurs when r-g is positive or negative matters for the size of the multiplier. Median … multiplier is inversely correlated with r-g. The calculations are based on the estimates of a factor-augmented interacted panel …

statistically significant output effect under floating exchange rate regimes. For the estimation of the output effects of fiscal …

economy is at the effective lower bound (ELB) or in normal times does not seem to matter for the size of the multiplier … average multiplier is about 1 in normal times and between 1.6 and 2.8 at the ELB, depending on the specification. The … difference between the two multipliers is distributed largely away from zero. More generally, the multiplier is inversely …

multipliers for the United States. With these results, it computes the cumulative multiplier of Ramey and Zubairy (2018), now … multiplier is much larger than the cumulative spending one. Hence, the conclusions depend on the definition of multiplier. This …

This paper investigates how macroeconomic uncertainty affects the fiscal multiplier of public investment. In theory …, uncertainty can reduce the multiplier if the private sector becomes more cautious and does not respond to the fiscal stimulus …. Conversely, it can increase the fiscal multiplier if public investment shocks improve private agents' expectations about future …

theory (Myers 1977). We also find that the effect of public investment on corporate investment is much weaker for firms that …