This paper reviews the evolution of China''s real effective exchange rate between 1980 and 2002, and uses a structural …

volatility. The paper provides an overview of the recent developments in the conventional debt market. It builds an empirical two … that nonresident flows are behind the observed exchange rate volatility. The results suggest that the public debt market in … Malaysia responds adequately to both pull and push factors and find no firm evidence that nonresident flows cause volatility in …

, and volatility in the remittance-sending country …

volatility in determining a firm's debt currency composition, among other channels. Furthermore, the effect of exchange rate … volatility becomes statistically insignificant beyond an estimated threshold credit-to-GDP ratio of 100 percent …

The evidence on the inflation impact of aging is mixed, and there is no evidence regarding the volatility of inflation … higher inflation volatility. Our paper is also the first, using this framework, to discuss how aging affects the transmission …

This paper investigates the channels through which remittances affect macroeconomic volatility in African countries … that remittances-as a share of GDP-have a significant smoothing impact on output volatility but their impact on consumption … volatility is somewhat small. Furthermore, remittances are found to absorb a substantial amount of GDP shocks in these countries …

, institutional, political and social underpinnings to uncover the 'missing' determinants of exchange rate volatility over time and … volatility, especially in emerging market economies. After controlling for standard macroeconomic factors, we find that the 'soft … volatility across countries …