environment around the time of the Arab Spring and the extent to which these constraints affected their employment performance … to electricity are found to explain a significant part of the lack of employment growth in MENA firms compared to their …

This paper examines the impact of trade on employment, wages, and other outcomes across countries and explores the … firm-level dataset to examine the impact of import competition on employment, wages, and firm performance, as well as the … industries, import competition actually strengthens employment growth. In addition, import competition tends to improve average …

participation, female formal employment, gender wage gap, as well as on aggregate economic outcomes. The model is estimated using …, and further widens gender gaps in formal employment and wages. Simultaneously implementing such policies with formal job …

We estimate the elasticity of private-sector employment to non-oil GDP in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) for GCC … nationals and expatriates using a Seemingly Unrelated Error Correction (SUREC) model. Our results indicate that the employment …

In this study, we assess the size of the government wage bill and employment in the member countries of the Eastern … employment is sub-optimal and is reflected in skills mismatches contributing to inefficiencies in public service delivery. Using …