schemes to strengthen mitigation incentives for the transportation, industry, building, forestry, and agricultural sectors …

Countries generally tax the forestry sector to achieve the twin objectives of revenue maximization and sustainability …-have limited the use of auctions so far, particularly in low-income countries. To establish transparency of the forestry sector …

This paper reviews forestry reform in the Congo basin, focusing on Gabon. It argues that the key challenge for the … Congo basin countries is to manage their forests in a sustainable manner. It presents the current situation of forestry … taxation and forestry reform in Gabon. The paper analyzes optimal taxation in the forestry sector using a static model. The …

Pension reform is a key policy challenge in Russia. This paper examines how pension spending could increase in Russia …

This paper examines how regional disparities have evolved in Russia and how Russia's system of intergovernmental fiscal … with federal systems of government, Russia stands out with its high reliance on direct taxes as a revenue source for its …

gravity model to analyze remittance flows in Russia and Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) countries. Standard gravity …

Local currency government bonds (OFZ bonds) are an important fixed-income instrument in Russia's financial markets. In …