grant dependency, low tax revenues and the prevalent inability to finance investments by own resources. Second, the output … position of the grant recipients. -- Vertical grants ; local public finance ; fiscal equalization ; regulation of the public …

advantage of multinational banking over offering cross-border financial services depends on the benefit and the cost of intimacy …

Does bank instability push borrowers to use crowdfunding as a source of external finance? We identify stressed banks …

of itself, and it may also influence concentration in banking and thus the impact of bank-specific shocks for the …

separate investment banking from commercial banking to increase financial stability. This paper empirically examines one …). Universal banks can be viewed as combining two different tasks (investment banking and commercial banking) in the same … commercial banks. We show that the pay-performance sensitivity is higher in investment banking than in commercial banking, no …

separate “classical” commercial banking activities from securities trading activities, notably from proprietary trading. While … banking organizations. This kind of separation limits cross-subsidies between banking and proprietary trading and diminishes … contagion risk, while still allowing for synergies across banking, non-proprietary trading and proprietary trading. …