of education on health behaviors. Using the number of academic track schools in a state as an instrumental variable for … years of schooling, we investigate the causal effect of schooling on health behavior such as smoking and related outcomes …

large-scale physical destruction on the educational attainment, health status and labor market outcomes of German children …, long-lasting detrimental effects on the human capital formation, health and labor market outcomes of Germans who were at … had lower self-reported health satisfaction in adulthood. Third, their future labor market earnings decreased by 6% on …

postwar reconstruction and mandatory employment on women's labor market outcomes. We combine a unique dataset on city …. Using difference-in-difference and instrumental-variable strategies, we find that postwar mandatory employment reduced …