of education on health behaviors. Using the number of academic track schools in a state as an instrumental variable for … years of schooling, we investigate the causal effect of schooling on health behavior such as smoking and related outcomes …

This analysis uses data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) and the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in … Europe (SHARE) to assess the effect of ageing and health on the life satisfaction of the oldest old (defined as 75 and older … for the oldest old. This decline is primarily attributable to low levels of perceived health. Once cohort effects are also …

, employability and health-related well-being. Our results indicate that being unemployed has a strong negative effect on life … satisfaction and health. They also, however, highlight the fact that this effect is most prominent among individuals over the age … of 40. A second observation is that job insecurity is also associated with lower levels of life satisfaction and health …

The European Union's strategy to raise employment is confronted with very low work participation among many minority …