This paper provides the first definitive estimates of union density in Portugal, 2010-2012, using a unique dataset. The … determinants of union density at firm level are first modeled. Next, we draw upon a very recent study of the union wage premium to … provide summary estimates of the union wage gap for different ranges of union density. Since these estimates fully reflect the …

five workers is a union member, and it is now moot whether this degree of penetration is consistent with a corporatist … model built on encompassing unions. The decline in union membership and density is attributable to external forces that have …

union representation.Using linked employer-employee data, our estimation strategy hinges upon the identification of …

This study provides updated evidence on the union contract differential in Germany using establishment-wide wage data … and two estimation strategies. It provides pairwise estimates of the union differential based on separate samples of … size and industry affiliation, inter al., is one of wage stagnation and continuing union decline …

are embedded, may tip the balance in favor of a beneficial union effect.In the present paper, we assemble nationally …