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Opening Up Military Innovation : Causal Effects of 'Bottom-Up' Reforms to U.S. Defense Research

Howell, Sabrina T; Rathje, Jason; Van Reenen, John; … - 2021

the U.S. Air Force Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program that transitioned from "Conventional topics," which … innovation even in less specific Conventional topics. The results suggest that government (and perhaps private sector) innovation …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013231380

Structural Change Out of Agriculture : Labor Push Versus Labor Pull

Alvarez-Cuadrado, Francisco - 2009

The process of economic development is characterized by substantial rural-urban migrations and a decreasing share of agriculture in output and employment. The literature highlights two main engines behind this process of structural change: (i) improvements in agricultural technology combined...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013158519

Capital-Labor Substitution, Structural Change and the Labor Income Share

Alvarez-Cuadrado, Francisco - 2015

Recent work has documented declines in the labor income share in the United States and beyond. This paper documents that these trends differ between manufacturing and services in the U.S. and in a broad set of other industrialized economies, and shows that a model where the degree of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013024919

Capital-Labor Substitution, Structural Change and Growth

Alvarez-Cuadrado, Francisco - 2015

There is a growing interest in multi-sector models that combine aggregate balanced growth, consistent with the well-known Kaldor facts, with systematic changes in the sectoral allocation of resources, consistent with the Kuznets facts. Although variations in the income elasticity of demand...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013024921

Lockdown Accounting

Gottlieb, Charles - 2020

We measure the effect of lockdown policies on employment and GDP across countries using individual- and sector-level data. Employment effects depend on the ability to work from home, which ranges from about half of total employment in rich countries to around 35% in poor countries. This gap...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012829938

Skill-Biased Change in Entrepreneurial Technology

Poschke, Markus - 2010

In contrast to the very large literature on skill-biased technical change among workers, there is hardly any work on the importance of skills for the entrepreneurs who employ those workers, and in particular on their evolution over time. This paper proposes a simple theory of skill-biased change...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013137516

The Firm Size Distribution Across Countries and Skill-Biased Change in Entrepreneurial Technology

Poschke, Markus - 2014

How and why does the firm size distribution differ across countries? Using two datasets covering more than 30 countries, this paper documents that several features of the firm size distribution are strongly associated with income per capita: the entrepreneurship rate and the fraction of small...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013057902

Management as a Technology?

Bloom, Nicholas - 2016

Are some management practices akin to a technology that can explain company and national productivity, or do they simply reflect contingent management styles? We collect data on core management practices from over 11,000 firms in 34 countries. We find large cross-country differences in the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012988568

The Impact of Regulation on Innovation

Aghion, Philippe; Bergeaud, Antonin; Van Reenen, John - 2021

Does regulation affect the pace and nature of innovation and if so, by how much? We build a tractable and quantifiable … sharp reduction in the firm's innovation response to exogenous demand shocks for firms just below the regulatory threshold …. We then quantitatively fit the parameters of the model to the data, finding that innovation at the macro level is about 5 …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013248072