temporary employment to unemployment, were the main factor behind the rise in unemployment; while reduced unemployment outflows … did not contribute substantially to the increase in unemployment during the early phase of the crisis …

reduced unemployment most in the European countries with low or average levels of labour costs …

Drawing upon data from the largest cross-country study of labor market concentration to date, this paper analyzes the … level of concentration of labor input markets in Europe and North America and provides a comparative perspective on … employers' monopsony power. It explores the characteristics of monopsony in labor markets and documents its impact by looking at …