This paper explores the "disposable" patterns of workforce utilization in Italy, well under way before the cyclical downturn of the early 90's and before the main reforms of the Italian labor market. The term "disposable" reflects the fact that many young people enter the labor market, their...

This study proposes a new approach to the analysis of non-employment and its duration in Germany, Italy and Spain using administrative longitudinal databases. Non-employment includes the discouraged unemployed not entitled to draw unemployment benefits and the long-term inactive. Many of the...

Why did employment growth - high in the last decade - take place at the expense of young workers in the countries of Central and Southern Europe? This is the question addressed in this paper. Youth unemployment has approached or exceeded 20% despite a variety of factors, common to most EU...