fairness principles, namely equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty, into a joint measure of unfair inequality. Two … inequality. Second, average unfair inequality doubles when complementing the ideal of an equal opportunity society with poverty …

measuring poverty among refugee populations. However, refugee data remain scarce, particularly in relation to the measurement of … income, consumption, or expenditure. This paper offers a first attempt to measure poverty among refugees using cross … system, the proposed methodology offers out-of-sample predicted poverty rates.These estimates are not statistically different …

Household consumption surveys do not typically cover refugee populations, and poverty estimates for refugees are rare …. This paper tests the performance of a recently developed cross-survey imputation method to estimate poverty for a sample of … proposed method offers poverty estimates based on administrative data that are mostly statistically insignificantly different …

towns from big cities will improve poverty reduction performance. Of course the hypothesis raises many questions. What … versus cities to poverty reduction? What are the economic mechanisms for such a differential contribution and how does policy … poverty are quite complex even in simple settings, and the question of secondary towns and poverty reduction is an open area …