In this paper, we study self-employment in a theoretical setting derived from wage-efficiency spatial models, where leisure and effort at work are complementary. We develop a spatial model of self-employment in which effort at work and commuting are negatively related, and thus the probability...

This paper analyzes the existence of short- and long-term intergenerational correlation of employment and self-employment in European countries, using data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. Using longitudinal data for the period 2003-2016, fixed effect estimates...

In this paper, we propose a new spatial framework to model excess commuting of workers and we show empirical differences between the self-employed and employees in the US. In a theoretical framework where self-employed workers minimize their commuting time, employees do not minimize their...