individuals' party identification. Consistent with the deprivation theory, we find strong and robust evidence that subjective job …

find a positive intergenerational transmission of right-wing extremist party affinity for sons, but not for daughters …. Compared to the intergenerational correlation of other party affinities, the high association between fathers' and sons' right …

We study the effect of former Communist party membership on paying bribes to public officials and motivations for …-socialist countries in 2015/16. To deal with endogeneity, we instrument party membership with information on whether family members were … affected by the Second World War. Instrumental variable results suggest that links to the former Communist party increase the …