-kind benefits and the propensity to have an informal employment relationship in addition to monthly earnings, hourly wages …

margin since it is driven by flows from permanent wage employment to unemployment. We also show that older, non-Latvian and …

undeclared wages in formal jobs. We also pursue the issues whether displaced workers experience more involuntary informal … informal employment as well as shares of undeclared wages in formal jobs. Our results also show that displacement entraps some …

the unemployment rate, which until now has been the main approach in the empirical literature …

unemployment spells, hours worked and monthly earnings. We also analyze whether displaced workers are more likely to be in informal … costs as additional outcomes. Displaced migrant workers do not encounter losses in terms of longer unemployment spells or …

This paper looks behind the standard, publicly available employment and unemployment statistics that studies of … estimates show that measured employment and unemployment rates are quite sensitive to definition, particularly in the treatment … much lower in Romania and slightly lower in Estonia, and alternative unemployment rates that are sharply higher in Romania …