We study the mechanisms that are associated with the gender education gap and its reversal in Germany. We focus on … family background nor labor market characteristics appear to be strongly associated with the gender education gap. There is … some evidence that the gender gap in upper secondary education reflects the rising share of single parent households which …

birth-related employment interruptions. The reform yields most of the intended effects …

employment probation. This study empirically tests at the example of absence behavior, whether such behavioral responses to the … probation periods: Once individuals enter into regular employment and employment probation is completed, the probability of work …

exploit a reform of naturalization rules in an instrumental variable estimation. In our sample of recent immigrants, linear …

We apply German Mikrozensus data for the period 1996 to 2004 to investigate the employment status of mothers … substantial differences in the employment behavior of East and West German mothers. German family policy sets incentives … particularly for low income mothers not to return to the labor market after birth. East German mothers' employment outcomes matches …

survey data that cover the last decades we find significant positive correlations. Using instrumental variables estimation … and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers' unemployment is causal for offspring's employment …

transitions among labor force states defined by the employment status of both spouses. The analysis indicates that the probability … of one spouse exiting employment is much larger if the other spouse is not employed than if the other spouse is employed …. Similarly, one member of a couple is much more likely to enter employment if the spouse is employed than if the spouse is not …