We study the mechanisms that are associated with the gender education gap and its reversal in Germany. We focus on … family background nor labor market characteristics appear to be strongly associated with the gender education gap. There is … some evidence that the gender gap in upper secondary education reflects the rising share of single parent households which …

semiparametric discrete factor procedure separately for men and women. Approximating a dynamic optimization model, the estimation …

employment probation. This study empirically tests at the example of absence behavior, whether such behavioral responses to the … probation periods: Once individuals enter into regular employment and employment probation is completed, the probability of work …

establishments (0-9 employees), subsidized Minijob employment comprises large shares of the work force, on average over 40 percent …. For these establishments, robust evidence shows that increasing the subsidization of Minijob employment crowds out non …-subsidized employment. Our results imply that Minijob employment in 2014 may have eliminated more than 0.5 million unsubsidized employment …

survey data that cover the last decades we find significant positive correlations. Using instrumental variables estimation … and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers' unemployment is causal for offspring's employment …

transitions among labor force states defined by the employment status of both spouses. The analysis indicates that the probability … of one spouse exiting employment is much larger if the other spouse is not employed than if the other spouse is employed …. Similarly, one member of a couple is much more likely to enter employment if the spouse is employed than if the spouse is not …