This paper investigates the effects of public childcare availability in Italy on mothers' working status and children … childcare availability has positive and significant effects on both mothers' working status and children's language test scores …. The effects are stronger when the degree of rationing is high and for low educated mothers and children living in lower …

two or more kids. Heterogeneity analysis suggests no causal effects of fertility on female employment among mothers with … less than college education and older mothers (born before 1978). Furthermore, we find evidence for the interaction of … estimates for highly educated mothers and for mothers born after 1977 …

Using experimental data of children and their mothers, this paper explores the intergenerational relationship of … choice task where the mothers faced trade-offs between a smaller-sooner and a larger-later monetary reward with a delay of …

, we show that the reform reduced mothers' likelihood to return to work within three years by only 1.4 percentage points …

Increasing mothers' labour supply in a child's preschool years can cause a reduction in time investments that lead to a … negative direct effect on mid-childhood and teenage outcomes. But as mothers' work hours increase, income will rise. We ask … variation in both mothers' hours and family income in pre-school years. As expected we find a negative direct effect of an …

any significant advantage of legal marriage among young mothers …

mothers who gave birth and their newborns. Applying a difference-in-differences approach to register data on all births in … Sweden over two decades, we show that the closures negatively affected the health of mothers, while effects on infant health … were small and insignificant. The adverse effects on mothers are mainly driven by crowding effects at remaining wards …

We show that sleep deprivation exerts strong negative effects on mothers' labour market performance. To isolate … flexibility for mothers with sufficient tenure mitigates the negative effects of sleep deprivation …