exacerbating existing learning gaps. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention implemented in Italian middle … schools that provides free individual tutoring online to disadvantaged students during lock-down. Tutors are university … students who volunteer for 3 to 6 hours per week. They were randomly assigned to middle school students, from a list of …

We evaluate the causal effect of class size (i.e., number of students in a classroom) on incidence of class closure due … to flu epidemic in 2015, 2016, and 2017, applying an instrumental variable method with the Maimonides rule to … administrative data of public primary and middle school students in one of the largest municipalities within the City of Tokyo …

Many studies examine the importance of teachers in students' learning, but few exist on the contribution of principals …

immediate and short-term educational, financial, and personal burdens of New York city's low-income public university students … during the COVID-19 pandemic, the closing of college campuses, and the city's shutdown. Low-income students are identified by … whether they ever received the federal Pell Grant. We find that low-income college students were 8% more likely than general …

University students have been particularly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We present results from the first wave of … expectations regarding three fundamental aspects of students' lives in the pandemic: the labor market, education, and health. We … document the differential responses of students as a function of their country of residence, parental income, gender, and for …

-performing lower-income students' lower relative performance may be driven by greater challenges with online learning and a … analyses with individual fixed effects, we evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lower-income students' academic … performance during the spring 2020 semester relative to their higher-income peers. We find a differential effect by students' pre …

Germany. We find that while students on average reduced their daily learning time of 7.4 hours by about half, the reduction …-achieving students. The reduction in learning time was not larger for children from lower-educated parents, but it was larger for boys …In spring 2020, governments around the globe shut down schools to mitigate the spread of the novel coronavirus. We …

learning. This paper investigates the impact produced by this shift on students' performance. We use administrative data of … four cohorts of students enrolled in an Italian University and adopt a difference-in-differences strategy exploiting the … face-to-face in the first semester. We compare students' performance in the second semester of 2020 with their performance …

This paper estimates the effect of a full year of the COVID-19 pandemic on school performance, focusing on students at …-in-differences models to analyse the performance of two cohorts of students in Italy: a cohort that has never been exposed to the pandemic … and a cohort that graduated in 2021. We find that the pandemic had a huge negative impact on students' performance in …