turbulence; a large economy with rigid labor markets, Poland, and a small open economy with increased flexibility, Estonia. We …. Quantitative exercises suggest that the over-specialization of the labor force in Poland led to much higher and persistent … unemployment compared to Estonia during the period of EU enlargement. Traditional labor market institutions (wage rigidity and …

Russia, Romania, and Estonia to measure nonstandard, boundary forms and alternative definitions of labor force status. Our … and moderately higher in Estonia and Russia … official definitions in apparently minor ways can produce alternative employment rates that are sharply higher in Russia but …

flatter in Russia and steeper and lower in Poland than in Britain. The characteristics of workers hired in the state and … private sectors do not look very different. State and private sector firms in Poland offer the same wages to new recruits, but … new private sector jobs in Russia appear to offer wage premia relative to new state jobs. We argue that these observations …

Poland is a country being exposed to emigration and immigration flows relatively recently. That, among others, results … structure all existing data and other pieces of information on immigrants coming to Poland from the EU Eastern Partnership … hand also a vast majority of them come to Mazowieckie (Warsaw) Voivodeship. The study also confirms Poland is often not a …

data, to document the reform of teacher compensation and school network implemented in Latvia amidst the economic crisis of …

To mitigate the impact of the 2008-2010 global financial crisis on vulnerable households, the Government of Latvia … dearth of income-generating opportunities in Latvia; thus the program provided temporary employment opportunities and helped … the unemployed mitigate the impact of the crisis. However, relative to the depth of the crisis in Latvia, the Workplaces …

Latvia. The programme is part of the Youth Guarantee scheme for the period 2014-2020, the largest action launched by the …