This study examines the initial impact of COVID-19 shutdowns on the employment and hours of unincorporated self …-employed workers using data from the Current Population Survey. Although the shutdowns decreased employment and hours for all groups …, differential effects by gender, couple status, and parental status exist. Coupled women were less likely to be working than coupled …

Using a large data set for Germany, we show that both the raw and the unexplained gender earnings gap are higher in … self-employment than in paid employment. Applying an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, more than a quarter of the difference in … monthly self-employment earnings can be traced back to women working fewer hours than men. In contrast variables like family …

employment integration of benefit recipients. To address the issue, we have resorted to a counterfactual approach with data from … two main sources: the program administration and compulsory communications on employment and unemployment spells. We found …

pursuing self-employment. Previous research suggests that married women with families value the flexibility that self-employment … true for college graduates, who tend to have more successful businesses. Access to childcare may also affect their labor … extended family and child care, relates to self-employment and hours worked for college-graduate married mothers. Our results …

This paper focuses on the determinants of self-employment among rural to urban migrants in China. Two self … can be correlated with employment choices. Using data from the 2008 Rural-Urban Migration in China and Indonesia (RUMiCI …-selection mechanisms are analysed: the first relates to the manner in which migrants choose self-employment or paid work based on the …

We hypothesize that individuals with a larger social-family network are more likely to choose self-employment. We test … this hypothesis using data on temporary rural-urban migrants in China. The size of a migrant's social-family network is … the credibility of the IV by emphasizing the unique institutional context of rural-urban migration in China and focusing …

Over the course of China's economic reforms, a pronounced divergence in the labor force participation patterns of rural …

analysis provides novel evidence for the magnitude and the origin of ethnic wage differentials by gender. In general, ethnic … observed characteristics. Most notably, Mediterranean female graduates have significant positive wage discrimination while … Western female graduates seem to face a small wage penalty …