This paper is concerned with the production of PhDs in the United States and Canada in the post-WW II period, overall … have no effect for U.S. females or in Canada. Government expenditures on research and development enhanced PhD production …, especially for males and in the physical sciences in the U.S. A higher rate of growth of non-farm productivity encouraged PhD …

quantify the impacts of removing the Canada-U.S. border on wages, productivity, markups, the share of exporters, the mass of … firms to leave the market, thereby affecting aggregate productivity. Since wage and productivity responses are endogenous …, our model is well suited to study the impacts of trade integration on aggregate productivity and factor prices. Using …

Using a large longitudinal, nationally representative workplace-level dataset, we explore the productivity gains … substitutes in production, and that the productivity gains associated with organizational redesign are industry-specific …

.S., Canada, the U.K., and Germany, we construct beauty measures in different ways that allow putting a lower bound on the true …

Canada and Denmark, with 30 to 40% of young adults having at some point been employed with a firm that also employed their …