correlates with perceptions of corruption. We find judicial independence to be of major relevance for a tame bureaucracy …

theoretical framework that focus on the relationship between lobbying and corruption (that is, it investigates under what … conditions they are complements or substitutes). The paper also offers novel econometric evidence on lobbying, corruption and … influence using data for about 4000 firms in 25 transition countries. Our results show that (a) lobbying and corruption are …

Although the theoretical literature often uses lobbying and corruption synonymously, the empirical literature … associates lobbying with the preferred mean for exerting influence in developed countries and corruption with the preferred one … suggest that (a) lobbying and corruption are fundamentally different, (b) political institutions play a major role in …