turbulence; a large economy with rigid labor markets, Poland, and a small open economy with increased flexibility, Estonia. We …. Quantitative exercises suggest that the over-specialization of the labor force in Poland led to much higher and persistent …

and Poland. Using the Italian and Polish time use surveys, both the opportunity cost and the market replacement approaches …. However, the huge difference in the value of unpaid family care work, which in Italy exceeds the value of Poland by about …

Poland has traditionally been treated as an emigration country. Since recently Poland has been changing into an … on immigration to Poland and instruments of integration policy in the context of the existing institutional framework. We … propose also recommendations for the pre-integration and integration policy in Poland. The goal of the paper is modest since …

staying in Poland, to identify the main motives to remit and thus to understand mechanisms governing this process. The article …

Poland is a country being exposed to emigration and immigration flows relatively recently. That, among others, results … structure all existing data and other pieces of information on immigrants coming to Poland from the EU Eastern Partnership … hand also a vast majority of them come to Mazowieckie (Warsaw) Voivodeship. The study also confirms Poland is often not a …

market economy in Poland. These individual experiences are matched with outcomes observed in the survey about 20 years later …

countries. In the paper, we compare the labour market developments in four countries: Germany, Italy, Poland, and Sweden. There … and Sweden are in contrast with low levels of employment in Italy and Poland. In the latter two countries, there is also a …

We show how significant may be the difference in the estimated returns to education in Poland conditional on the … conclusion. While there are several papers examining the wage equation in Poland, so far none of them has provided a … equation in Poland has not been examined in detail. Annual rates of return to university education for men vary from 6.7% to 9 …

The reform introduced in Poland in 2009 substantially and abruptly reduced the number of workers eligible for early …