that the within-country relationship of women's employment and income is, on average, negative in Asia and Latin America … but positive in Africa. We suggest that amongst reasons why African women behave differently are that the conventional … and potentially correlated shocks. In Asia and Latin America, characteristics that strengthen counter-cyclical responses …

America – specifically South America and Mexico (SAM) – and East Asia, over the 32 years preceding the Great Recession (1976 … (closest) North; ii) the East Asia – SAM education gap's impact equals that of trade plus governance; iii) an increase in SAM …'s ETG to East Asia's level raises TFP by over 100 percent and fully accounts for its TFP gap with East Asia; and iv) South …

diffusion on TFP in the South, focusing on South America (SA), Mexico, Latin America (LA) and East Asia for the 32-year period … distance to the North; ii) an increase in LA's ETG to East Asia's level raises LA's TFP by some 100% and accounts for about 75 …% of its TFP gap with East Asia; iii) raising LA's education to East Asia's level has a larger impact on TFP and on the TFP …

The slave trades out of Africa represent one of the most significant forced migration experiences in history. In this …" countries in Africa, with attention to their economic, institutional, demographic, and social implications. Next I evaluate the …

Africa. We estimate an augmented-gravity model that includes public deficit, public debt, public expenditure, inflation, and … the foreign reserves position. We also integrate Africa-specific variables such as existing economic blocs in the region … Southern Africa is promising, but many challenges still persist. The existing economic blocs can provide a first stepping stone …