purpose of this study is to determine whether the capital-skill complementarity framework holds for Ghana manufacturing plants … in industry and aggregate level. We use an unbalanced panel of plant-level data for manufacturing firms in Ghana during … suggest that capital-skill complimentarity holds in aggregate level and wood-furniture sector in Ghana. However, we reject the …

This paper defines informal sector employment and decomposes the difference in earnings distributions between formal … Machado and Mata (2005), we find a significant informal employment wage premium across the whole earnings distribution. This … seems to be the case that the informal employment in Tajikistan is the main source of income …

Turkey, less attention has focused on how this relationship differs for informal versus formal employment. This is of utmost … importance for less developed countries where informal employment plays a significant role in the economy. Using the Turkish …

market data reinforces the idea of a large private sector, which provides about 90% of total employment opportunities … account on average for only 10% of total employment (a share similar to that provided by public administration and state owned … enterprises). South Africa is the notable exception, with formal wage employment in the private sector representing 46% of total …