compared with the western region. Foreign direct investment (FDI) and information and communication technology (ICT) investment …

call technology shifters (economic factors). We use several composite technology indices based on appropriate combinations … of the external economic factors which are indicators of different aspects of technology. These technology indices are … specific external economic factors. Furthermore, the technology shifters allow for non-neutral and biased shifts in TC. We also …

trend (purely external non-economic) as well as other exogenous (external economic) factors (technology shifters). We define … technology index based on the external economic factors which are indicators of technology. Thus our definition of production … function is amended to accommodate several technology shifters which are not separable from the traditional inputs. That is …

. Efficiency in the use of energy is a way to reduce dependency and emissions. This study provides empirical results of the … energy use are estimated. Stochastic production technology is applied to estimate an energy demand model based on an inverted … use among the individual industries as well as over time; second, information and communication technology (ICT) capital …