This study answers the open question of whether workers respond to financial incentives in a command economy. To do … of the Soviet old-age labor market. I find that Soviet pensioners are responsive to financial incentives. By 1969, after …

In view of rising wage inequality and increasing poverty, the introduction of a legal minimum wage has recently become … an important policy issue in Germany. We analyze the distributional effects of the introduction of a nationwide legal … ineffective in reducing poverty, even if it led to a substantial increase in hourly wages at the bottom of the wage distribution …

Focus in the paper is on poverty among immigrants and refugees 50 years and older coming to Denmark from countries … become eligible for State pension. Poverty rates by national background are described using alternative household concepts …. Next, a number of background factors of relevance for poverty are summarized.We focus on age, gender, marital status …

countries. In the paper, we compare the labour market developments in four countries: Germany, Italy, Poland, and Sweden. There … are pronounced differences in the labour market participation in the four countries: high levels of employment in Germany …

birth cohorts in Germany. The analysis is based on a rich dataset that combines household survey data from the German Socio … East Germany and for the low educated. Using simulated life cycle employment and income profiles, we project gross future …

We investigate the unemployment pathway to retirement in Germany and study the causal effects of two early retirement …

, there is little reliable evidence on how the inclusion of such non-cash income actually affects poverty and inequality … and poverty rates by almost one-third. However, adjusting for differences in needs for public services across population … subgroups offsets about half the inequality reduction and some of the poverty decrease …