This paper shows that 19th-century industrialization is an important determinant of the significant changes in Germany …, economic ascent in the South. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in access to coal, we show that early industrialization … industrialization explains most of the decline in regional inequality observed in the 1960s and 1970s and about half of the current …

We see industrialization in China the last 150 years as an ongoing process through which firms acquired and deepened … seriously limit benefits. For a latecomer like China, modern industry initially finds its most success in more labor …-intensive products and processes. China's experience shows that government can both support and obstruct this process.Our review of long …

Industry mean wages in China have exhibited sharply increased dispersion since the early 1990s. The upward trend in … contributed to wage inequality due monopoly rent sharing. We show that the industrial wage dispersion in China has evolved to …

In this paper, we use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to estimate how well China's urban areas absorb migrant workers … under the interaction of urbanization and industrialization. We applied an output-oriented BCC model to evaluate provincial … and regional rural labor absorption efficiency in mainland China. It appears that 4 out of 31 provinces and municipals are …

clerical occupations, is largely uncorrelated with regional exposure to trade competition from China. While the impacts of …