equal. In Southern and Western Europe, immigrants from CEE and FSU feature the highest dependent informality rate, whilst in … Eastern Europe this group is second after minorities without immigrant background. In Eastern, Southern and part of Western … Europe, immigrants not covered by EU free mobility provisions are more likely to work without contracts than otherwise …

are able to assess that the recruitment of low-skill immigrants quite often follows a referral strategy and we identify … of the manager and the relative proportion of immigrants within the firm. Under these perspectives, our study outlines …

wage gap: occupational sorting, human capital differences, and discrimination. We find lesbian women earn more than their … discrimination and occupational sorting play a minimal role at best. Wage penalties, on the other hand, are largely explained by … discrimination. Interestingly, while we do find there are some differences in the relative roles of our three alternative …

We empirically test the relationship between hiring discrimination and labour market tightness at the level of the …

primarily rewards individual characteristics other than immigration status. We also found that the lowest paid immigrants, whom … are disproportionately non-white, suffer an earnings penalty in the labour market, whereas higher paid immigrants, whom …

-education, but also one of the few to study the moderating roles of gender and education for detailed categories of immigrants … particularly critical among higher-educated immigrants. Gender-based differences in immigrants' penalties, in contrast, are found … immigrants born in developing countries to be over-educated and that citizenship acquisition is also associated with …