these selectivity issues using the randomization provided by an immigration ballot under the Pacific Access Category (PAC …) of New Zealand's immigration policy. We survey applicants to the 2002-05 PAC ballots in Tonga and compare outcomes for … ballots. The immigration laws determine which household members can accompany the principal migrant, providing an instrument …

This chapter summarizes the literature on the evaluation of immigration policies. It brings together two strands of the …

In this paper we investigate the causal effect of immigration on trade flows, using Italian panel data covering very … provinces coupled with the absence of cultural (e.g. language) or historical (colonial ties) attractors for immigration …

on trade, and especially on exports. Those immigrants should be the ones directly involved in the diffusion and … exports to culturally different countries, such as those with different legal origin …

-conflict reconstruction in the former Yugoslavia, using exports as outcome. Using confidential social security data to capture intensity of … elasticity of exports to return migration between 0.08 to 0.24. Our results are stronger in knowledge-intensive industries and …

immigrant entrepreneurs have a positive, significant and economically meaningful effect on exports. We find that increasing the … stock of (non-entrepreneur) immigrants by 10% would lead to a 1.7% increase in exports in manufacturing towards immigrants …' countries of origin, while increasing the number of immigrant entrepreneurs in manufacturing by 10% would raise exports by about …