under the interaction of urbanization and industrialization. We applied an output-oriented BCC model to evaluate provincial … urbanization patterns and industrial development strategies should be adopted in different economic areas to enhance labor …

ties) than in sparsely populated areas. We also demonstrate that, for a low urbanization level, there is a unique steady …-state equilibrium where workers do not interact with weak ties, while, for a high level of urbanization, there is a unique steady … when social interactions are optimal, we show that there is over-urbanization in equilibrium …