We examine ways of funding higher education, comparing upfront tuition fees with graduate taxes. The tax dominates, as … volatility in future income is transferred from risk-averse students to the risk-neutral state. However, a double moral hazard … problem arises when students' efforts to raise lifetime income and universities' activities to improve teaching quality are …

other factors affecting income distribution over time. An application to the UK shows that the redistributive reforms of the …

probability of suffering from a chronic disease in the future. Individuals differ in income and in their degree of misperceptions …

-firm performance. The SIMPLES program introduced in November 1996 consolidated multiple taxes and social security contributions into a … single payment and reduced taxes for eligible small firms. This provides a quasi-natural experiment that allows us to … registered as a legal entity, pay taxes and make social security contributions. Moreover, newly created firms that opt for …

time-consistency problem in income redistribution. There may be political support for so generous subsidization that it … motivates the median voter to obtain higher education. As a result of increasing own income, the median voter prefers in the … future lower taxes than without higher education. Therefore, the expansion of participation in higher education during the …

The assumption that household income is strongly and positively correlated with a household's real standard of living … modelling and numerical simulations based on survey data, that household income is a poor indicator of household well-being …

are not clear. This note reviews the general principles of pension taxes and analyses the theoretical foundations of why …

we utilize a dynamic microsimulation model developed for Ireland to simulate the impact of both an income contingent loan …