. Marginal employment is a type of wage subsidy paid to unemployed workers and they do not lose their unemployment benefits if … during their unemployment spell suffer a (causal) penalty for doing so, relative to their peers who do not. The penalty, in … terms of less employment, more unemployment, lower wages, lessens over time but is still present after three years …

the dynamics. Microsimulations of synthetic cohorts reveal that many migrants experience unemployment spells, but ten … only increase the unemployment among migrants but also departure from the country. Scenarios also indicate that an increase …

variables). Besides institutional variables influencing external numerical flexibility (employment protection, unemployment …

The flight and expulsion of Germans from Eastern Europe during and after World War II constitutes one of the largest …

barriers to social and labor market inclusion of immigrants in the European Union. The data from an online primary survey of … less negatively, barriers to immigrant labor market inclusion identified include language and human capital gaps, a lack of … active inclusion policies, especially in the areas of employment and education. These results appear to be robust with …