linguistic enclaves,(2) the determinants of destination language proficiency among international migrants, based on a model (the … (and internal) migrants, both in terms of the ease of obtaining proficiency in the destination language and access to … destination language skills, and Economic incentives for acquiring this proficiency,(3) the consequences for immigrants of …

Germany and Canada stand at polar ends of the scientific debate over language integration and ascension to citizenship …. German naturalization, as of January 2000, contains an explicit language criterion for naturalization. The first German … aims at language as a criterion for legal immigration. Canada, in effect, does not base entry or citizenship on knowledge …

We evaluate a Danish reform focused on improving Danish language training for those granted refugee status on or after … effect emerged after completion of language classes and was accompanied by additional schooling and higher probability of … working in communication-intensive jobs, suggesting that language training, rather than other minor aspects of the reform …

This paper analyzes the impact of missionary activity on English language proficiency and labor market earnings of all … immigrants to the United States by using the pooled files of the American Community Survey (2005-09). We consider the colonial … immigrants from countries with a high concentration of Protestant missionaries tend to exhibit higher levels of English …

We analyze self-selection of refugees and irregular migrants and test our theory in the context of the European refugee … large-scale evidence on reasons to emigrate, and the self-selection and sorting of refugees and irregular migrants. Refugees … and female irregular migrants are positively self-selected with respect to human capital, while male irregular migrants …

. Natives in countries with mostly economic migrants are relatively more concerned about loosing jobs to immigrants. However …As in the U.S. and Canada, migration is a controversial issue in Europe. This paper explores the possibility that … immigration policy may affect the labor market assimilation of immigrants and hence natives' sentiments towards immigrants. It …

This study finds evidence of wage divergence between immigrants and natives in Germany using a country-wide household … immigrants and natives. Individual rates of wage convergence are found to be higher for immigrants who fled warfare zones, belong … contributes substantially to closing the wage gap with natives. The treatment effect is heterogeneous, favoring immigrants who are …

migrants who arrive through family reunification are less likely to work full-time; refugees are also less self-employed. Those …There are concerns about the attachment of immigrants to the labor force, and the potential policy responses. This … host country (worker, refugee, and family reunification), ethnic networks, enclaves and other differences among ethnicities …

This paper analyzes the Hebrew language proficiency, probability of employment, and labor market earnings of immigrants … features of the analysis include the study of long-duration immigrants (3 to 20 years), and analyses for: males and females …, primary reasons for immigration, the subsidized intensive Hebrew language training program (ulpan), Ethiopian Jews, and Jewish …

first reviewing the institutional framework laid out by the Geneva Convention for Refugees, we demonstrate that, despite … migrations, contrasting economic and refugee migrants, discussing the trade-offs between long-term asylum and temporary …, we illustrate the economic integration of past refugee migrants to EU countries and conclude with several policy …