find that spinoffs are less likely to exit than other startups. We show that in West and East Germany and in all sectors …Using a 50 percent sample of all establishments in the German private sector, we report that spinoffs are larger and … initially employ more skilled and more experienced workers than other startups. Controlling for these and other differences, we …

paper replicates the study using unique newly available panel data sets for all manufacturing plants from Germany (1995 …

Using comprehensive data for West Germany, this paper investigates the determinants of establishment exit. We find that …

(ALMP) in many OECD countries. Germany is a good example where the spending on start-up subsidies for the unemployed …

of nearly 1,900 business start-ups by unemployed persons reveals that both kind of motivation can be observed among these … start-ups. Moreover, a new type of entrepreneur emerges, motivated by both push and pull variables simultaneously. An … between motives, survival rates and entrepreneurial development. We find in particular that start-ups out of opportunity and …

results show that acquiring new skills during the pandemic helps maintain an existing business and encourages start-ups in … sectors other than information technology (IT). For IT start-ups, having previous experience matters more than new skills … start-ups, highlighting the creative destruction power of the pandemic. Furthermore, preferences for formal employment and …