Empirical studies of the principal-agent relationship find that extrinsic incentives work in many instances, linking … drive to work to master a skill or to improve one's self image, is thought to be the key to whether incentives work or not …. If the incentives crowd-out intrinsic motivation, and the effect is large enough, the net motivational effect on effort …

in a simple model that the perceived degree of past differentiation affects future incentives. We then study the impact …

Pay for performance (P4P) incentives for physicians are generally designed as additional payments that can be paired … physician response to performance incentives and the existing payment mechanisms is still not well understood. In this paper, we …-for-service model. We show that for a given payment mechanism this result implies that the optimal size of P4P incentives varies …

the incentives, while the responsiveness of treatment stores close to winning a bonus increases in relative performance …

comparison group in China, we examine how both psychological and financial incentives, together with attitudes toward risk, may … rank-based financial incentives. Our results show that performance-ranking information had a significant motivational … effect on average performance for students, but not for that of workers. Adding financial incentives based on rank provided …

should be given weak financial incentives. In a multiple-agent setting, this problem can be resolved using promotion … incentives. We empirically examine these predictions using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. We find that workers who … are more reciprocal are significantly more likely toreceive promotion incentives, while there is no such relation for …

We conduct a field experiment in a Dutch retail chain of 122 stores to study the interaction between team incentives …, team social cohesion, and team performance. Theory predicts that the effect of team incentives on team performance … increases with the team's social cohesion, because social cohesion reduces free-riding behavior. In addition, team incentives …