incomes from 1986 to 1999. Using a detailed household-level data set from rural China, we find robust evidence that initial …

Harmonised microdata show a Gini coefficient for per capita total income of 45.3 percent in China 2002 and 33.6 percent … urban areas in China are important reasons for this cross-country difference in inequality. Wage is a more non …-equalising income source in China than in Russia. While Russian public transfers reduce income inequality, Chinese public transfers …

-seeking behavior. In China, researchers have frequently argued that village cadres, who are the lowest level of administrators in rural … and non-cadre households in rural China without controlling for unobserved dimensions of ability that are also correlated … who is a cadre. Given the increasing returns to non-agricultural employment since China‘s economic reforms began, it is …