This paper provides evidence of the long-run effects of a permanent increase in agricultural productivity on conflict … permanently reduced conflict for roughly two centuries. The results are driven by a reduction in civil conflicts …

We explore the effect of historical ethnic borders on contemporary conflict in Africa. We document that both the … intensive and extensive margins of contemporary conflict are higher close to historical ethnic borders. Exploiting variations … find that regions crossed by historical ethnic borders have 27 percentage points higher probability of conflict and 7 …

When do opposition groups decide to mount a terrorism campaign and when do they enter an open civil conflict against … the ruling government? This paper models an opposition group's choice between peace, terrorism, and open conflict …. Terrorism emerges if executive constraints are intermediate and rents are sizeable. Open conflict is predicted to emerge under …

Model uncertainty remains a persistent concern when exploring the drivers of civil conflict and civil war. Considering …-sectional and panel data, three robust results emerge. First, past conflict constitutes the most powerful predictor of current … conflict: path dependency matters. Second, larger shares of Jewish, Muslim, or Christian citizens are associated with increased …

This paper investigates the long-run effects of climate change on conflict by examining cooling from 1400-1900 CE, a … this time, cooling is associated with increased conflict. Then, turning to the dynamics of cooling, we allow the effects of … effect of cooling on conflict is significantly larger if the same location experienced cooling during the preceding period …

We investigate the impact of community power on the practice of untouchability in rural India. We model two …-dimensional simultaneous group conflict over social norms, wherein an upper and backward (OBC) caste Hindu bloc contests the 'scheduled' castes … population share and land share, we find support for these hypotheses in data from the India Human Development Survey 2011-12 …

societies. Religious riots have claimed more than 14,000 lives in India since 1950. We study the effect of Hindu-Muslim riots on … election results in India. We combine data on riots, which have been geo-coded, with electoral data on state legislature … states in India over a 21 year period from 1981-2001.We suggest a new instrument that draws upon the random variation in the …

fragmentation and conflict on international trafficking through internal and international displacements …

, and across time, how individuals, households and communities are affected by violent conflict. The report provides an … data-bases used to operationalize the variables of interest and discuss the channels linking violent conflict to individual … variables that allow researchers to analyze the welfare effects of violent conflict across countries and across time. We develop …