accountability and reduce corruption. In this paper we show that electoral discipline may be ineffective in reducing corruption when … competition on corruption. We show that in equilibrium, corruption has a U-shaped relationship with electoral competition. If the … election is safe for the incumbent (low competition) or if it is extremely fragile (high competition) then corruption is higher …

Two major earthquakes which struck northwestern Turkey in 1999 exposed rampant corruption involving construction and … zoning code violations. The government's relief efforts were tainted by corruption as well, and exhibited a great deal of … parties were responsible for the construction of the shoddy buildings, and for the corruption and mismanagement related to …

's recent anti-corruption program that randomly audits municipal expenditures of federally-transferred funds, it estimates the … effects of the disclosure of local government corruption practices upon the re-election success of incumbent mayors. Comparing …

raising the demand for political accountability. In order to examine this question, we use a simple postcard voting experiment … determinants of voting behavior in our experiment, and isolate the positive effect of international emigration on the demand for …

Despite the centrality of voting costs to the paradox of voting, little effort has been made to accurately measure …. Using this new measure of the opportunity cost of voting to predict turnout at the individual level, we find that small …

region which may find its expression in the voting behaviour of residents of the region. Using data from the 1997 and 2011 … number of votes for this party increases. At the same time we find increasing voting activity in the suburban ring. The … changing electoral behaviour can be regarded as an indicator of a growing ethnic identity. The voting results also identify the …

There is a large body of literature analyzing the relationship between objective economic conditions and voting …