Preferences for male children in Albania are shown to have persisted through nearly half a century of communist rule … higher order births. Fertility falls strongly when a firstborn child is male. Still, there is only mixed evidence that …

Twin births are often used to instrument fertility to address (negative) selection of women into fertility. However …, twin-IV estimates will tend to be upward biased. This is pertinent given the emerging consensus that fertility has limited … impacts on women's labour supply, or on investments in children. Using data for developing countries and the United States, we …

Although the theoretical trade-off between the quantity and quality of children is well-established, empirical evidence …

transfers. For this purpose, we use unique data on children conceived through sperm and egg donation in IVF treatments in …

This paper presents a productivity argument for investing in disadvantaged young children. For such investment, there …

for each year of exposure to a positive rainfall shock from ages 11-13. We show that children are switching out of school … fairly young children, is an important factor in determining overall human capital investment …

Does participation in a social assistance program by parents have spillovers on their children's own participation … use rich panel data to link parents to children's long-run outcomes. The key to our regression discontinuity design is … that the reform applied to younger cohorts, while older cohorts were exempted from the new rules.We find that children of …

and caring for household children. However, if their father is disabled, boys spend more time on food preparation and …