variation in schooling associated with early smoking behaviour, the other uses the raising of the minimum school leaving age … instruments. I find that the instrument constructed using early smoking behaviour is valid as well as being strong, and argue that … estimates of 12.9% (early smoking), 10.2% (RoSLA) and 12.5% (both instruments) …

goods involved (smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol) and their role as anxiety reducing goods which suggests that the …

consumption of health-damaging substances. In particular, the paper focuses on studying the smoking intensity of British … cigarette consumption. Results show that HE is endogenous with smoking. Once endogeneity is controlled for, HE is found to have … a higher negative effect on smoking than in models where it is treated as exogenous …

We investigate whether responses to the UK public places smoking ban depend on personality. Drawing on individual level … establish their overall effect on smoking outcomes, and how this differs by personality. We measure personality using the Big … point reduction in the probability of smoking after the ban. Notably, this is the only Big Five personality trait that …

smoking habits on their children's smoking decisions. In order to account for the potential endogeneity of parental smoking … habits we use instrumental variable methods. We find that mothers play a crucial role in determining their daughters' smoking … decisions, while fathers' smoking habits are transmitted primarily to their sons …

recent increase in natural gas supply led to displacement of coal-fired electricity by cleaner natural gas-fired generation …. Using detailed spatial panel data comprising the near universe of US power plants, we find that coal generation decreased by …

There has been a widespread displacement of coal by natural gas as space heating and cooking technology in Turkey in …