-related basis for measures of international competitiveness. EULC take into account that a sector's labor costs constitute only a …-sector level as a new competitiveness indicator where the relevance of trading partners is quantified by an appropriate value … rates. Using the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) we employ the proposed indicators to shed new light on changes in cost …

and export exposure. We find that the rise of "the East" in the world economy caused substantial job losses in German …

Competitiveness differentials are blamed for the instability of the Eurozone. Most of the analyses focus on labour … costs or labour-market institutions. This paper explores an additional source of differentials in competitiveness: land and … companies can be also observed in some countries. Higher prices impede firm competitiveness in at least two ways: a) investments …

In this study, we examine the influence of competitiveness on the stability of labour relations using the example of … growing evidence on the external relevance of competitiveness by analysing gender differences in the correlation between … competitiveness and labour market success and whether these effects depend on how the students' propensity to compete is measured. By …

its competitiveness and decreased exports towards its European trading partners. Our findings do not provide empirical …