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In many markets in developing countries, especially in remote areas, middlemen are thought to earn excessive profits. Non-profits come in to counter what is seen as middlemen's market power, and rich country consumers pay a "fair-trade" premium for products marketed by such non-profits. This...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013039292
In a polarised and highly unequal country such as South Africa, it is unlikely that a definition of the middle class that is based on an income threshold will adequately capture the political and social meanings of being middle class. We therefore propose a multi-dimensional definition, rooted...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013011136
poverty and income inequality have invited increasing volumes of research focusing on the nexus between equity and efficient … into a middle income country (ADB, 2014). This has stimulated the need to understand causes of inequality and poverty for … poverty because they will substantially undermine the economic growth if left unchecked (ADB, 2014). The objective of this …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013054924
We re-explore Able-Smith and Townsend's landmark study of poverty in early post WW2 Britain. They found a large … increase in poverty between 1953-4 and 1960, a period of relatively strong economic growth. Our re-examination is a first … absolute poverty and also substantially under-estimated the rise in relative poverty. Their and our findings on poverty reflect …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013059686
Empirical evidence in the sparse literature on poverty convergence currently relies on cross-sectional analysis, where … Less Developed Countries (LDCs) starting out poorer are found to have enjoyed no faster subsequent poverty reduction during … the past three decades than those starting out richer, as initial poverty retards growth and makes it less effective in …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012923238
Exposure to childhood poverty increases the likelihood of adult poverty. However, past research offers conflicting … accounts of cross-national variation in the strength of the intergenerational persistence of poverty and the mechanisms through … which it is channeled. This study investigates differences in intergenerational poverty in the United States (U …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014348286
, evidence on how these institutions shape poverty rates across developed economies remains surprisingly scarce. It would be a … mistake, though, to believe that the relationship between earnings inequalities and poverty is straightforward. Indeed …, whereas earnings inequalities are measured at the individual level, poverty is calculated at the household level using …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014087833
Extending the traditional income poverty concept by multidimensional poverty has been of growing interest within the … last years. This paper contributes with an analysis of interdependent multidimensional (IMD) poverty intensity of time and … income, which in particular restricts social participation. The interdependency of the multiple poverty dimensions under a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013119297
In work-poverty has become a pressing social issue in Europe. The self-employed remain relatively uncharted terrain in … this paper provides a systematic mapping exercise of poverty and living standards among the self-employed in the European … Union. We find that the self-employed in Europe generally face significantly higher income poverty risks than contracted …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012947134
measurement of poverty. For the estimation of intrahousehold distribution of resources the study relies on collective Engel curves …. For the poverty analysis, we propose a fuzzy intrahousehold index which is less sensitive to small changes around the … poverty line compared to standard FGT indices and produce more reliable results. This provides an interesting approach to …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012947132