We analyse the convergence and heterogeneity of living standards between East and West Germany since unification. Based …, including retirees and the unemployed, of East and West Germany over the fifteen years for which data are available. Using a … highest negative income gap. This probably reflects out-migration from East Germany by the young and highly skilled. On the …

East and West Germany were far from being randomly selected treatment and control groups. First, the later border is … occupying forces affected East and West differently. Third, a selective fifth of the population fled from East to West Germany …

explaining mortality crises and their relevance for the case of East Germany. Based on individual-level panel data the …

exploiting the reorganization of the school system in East Germany after reunification. Our identification strategy utilizes …

productive than firms that only sell on the national market. This positive exporter productivity premium shows up in a large … firm fixed effects. These studies test for a difference in productivity between exporters and non-exporters at the … conditional mean of the productivity distribution. However, if firms are heterogeneous, it is possible that the size of the …

Positive assortative matching implies that high productivity workers and firms match together. However, there is almost …

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, East Germany experienced an unprecedented temporary drop in fertility driven by …