for corporate board membership. The main aim of these laws is breaking the "glass ceiling" which prevents women from … evidence of spillover effects on the representation of women in top executive or top earnings positions. Our results confirm …

This paper analyzes the role of networks in access of women entrepreneurs to start-up capital and firm performance in … capital is associated with better sales performance for both men and women entrepreneurs. Women entrepreneurs start their … of their firm and sales level. However, women with higher education start their firms with more capital than their less …

genders with higher start-up capital record better sales performance than those with smaller amounts of capital. For women … countries, women entrepreneurs in Swaziland have smaller start-up capital and are less likely to fund it from formal sources … than men. Among women entrepreneurs, those with college education and confident in their skills tend to start their firms …

This paper examines the persistent effects of historical labor market institutions and policies on women's long …-World War II mandatory reconstruction policy, which compelled women to work in the rubble removal and reconstruction process … era generated persistent adverse effects on women's long-term labor market outcomes. An increase in marriage and fertility …

increase in the share of female top managers is associated with subsequent increases in the share of women in mid …The goal of this study is to examine whether women in the highest levels of firms' management ranks help reduce … barriers to women's advancement in the workplace. Using a panel of over 20,000 private-sector firms across all industries and …

that it is primarily single women that drive the well-established empirical relationship between personal wealth and … business start-ups. Therefore, public policies specifically targeted at relieving the liquidity constraints of women could help …

-level management, indicating that women managers with closer interactions with their subordinates have a higher impact on the gender …We analyze the impact of women's managerial representation on the gender pay gap among employees on the establishment … share of women in management significantly reduces the gender pay gap within the firm. An increase in the share of women in …

"Glass ceilings" and "sticky floors" are typical explanations for the low representation of women in top executive … that there are few women in executive management because they have lower levels of human capital, are underrepresented in … lower-level jobs, and are less likely to be perceived as high-productivity employees. We do not find that women have …